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 Saravanan J

Assistant professor of EEE Department

Government College of Engineering

Tirunelveli, Tamil nadu

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Nominal 'π' method

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                       In the nominal pi model of a  medium transmission line,  the series impedance of the line is concentrated at the centre and half of each capacitance is placed at the centre of the line. The nominal Pi model of the line is shown in the diagram below. In this circuit, By Ohm’s law By KCL at node a, Voltage at the sending end By ohm’s law Sending-end current is found by applying KCL at node c or Equations can be written in matrix form as Also, Hence, the ABCD constants for nominal pi-circuit model of a medium line are Phasor diagram of nominal pi model The phasor diagram of a nominal pi-circuit is shown in the figure below. It is also drawn for a lagging power factor of the load. In the phasor diagram the quantities shown are as follows; OA = V r  – receiving end voltage. It is taken as reference phasor. OB = I r  – load current lagging V r  by an angle ∅ r . BE = I ab...
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MESH ANALYSIS

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Introduction:                            In Mesh analysis, we will consider the currents flowing through each mesh. Hence, Mesh analysis is also called as  Mesh-current method .                          A branch is a path that joins two nodes and it contains a circuit element. If a branch belongs to only one mesh, then the branch current will be equal to mesh current.                          If a branch is common to two meshes, then the branch current will be equal to the sum (or difference) of two mesh currents, when they are in same (or opposite) direction. Procedure of Mesh Analysis:                          Follow these steps while solving any electrical network or circuit usin...
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KIRCHHOFF'S LAWS

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 Introduction:                     A German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff developed two laws enabling easy analysis of interconnection of any number of circuit elements. The first law deals with the flow of current and is popularly known as  Kirchhoff’s Current Law ( KCL) while the second one deals with the voltage drop in a closed network and is known as  Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law  (KVL). Kirchhoff’s Current Law: Statement:                     The algebraic sum of the currents meeting at a junction in an electrical circuit is zero. Σ I = 0 As per the Kirchhoff’s Current Law, i1 + i2 – i3 – i4 – i5 + i6 = 0 -----------(1)                     The direction of incoming currents to a junction is taken as positive while the outgoing currents are taken as negative. The equation (1) can also be writt...
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